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Recommended textbook solutions Myers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 900 solutions Consumer Behavior: Buying, Having, Being13th EditionMichael R Solomon 449 solutions HDEV56th EditionSpencer A. Rathus 380 solutions Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions -The stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity The Big Five personality dimensions 1. Extroversion 2. agreeableness 3. Conscientiousness 4. Emotional stability 5. Openness to experience Someone more apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment Indicates how much people believe they control their fate through their own efforts Internal Locus of control You believe you control your own destiny External Locus of control You believe external forces control you Belief in one's personal ability to do a task Low self-efficacy is associated with______. Debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment 5 traits Important in organizations 1. Locus of control 2. Self-efficacy 3. self-esteem 4.Self-monitoring 5. emotional intelligence Extent to which people like/dislike themselves; overall self-evaluation Extent to which people are able to observe their own behavior and adapt it to external situations Why are high self monitors sometimes criticized? For being chameleons, always able to adapt their self presentation to their surroundings Why are low self monitors criticized? -For being on their own planet and insensitive to others Research shows there is a __relaitonship between high self monitoring and career success. Ability to cope, to empathize with others, to be self motivated Why is high emotional intelligence important? 1. Better social relations 2.Better family and intimate relationships 3. perceived by others as positive 4. better academic achievement 5. Better psychological well being Psychologist who popularized emotional intelligence and concluded it was made up of 4 components 4 components of Emotional intelligence 1. Self awareness 2. Self-management 3. Social awareness 4. Relationship management Goals policies hierarchy structure Dedicated to better understanding and management of people at work Organizational behavior looks at what 2 areas? abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations A learned predisposition toward a given object Attitudes have 3 components 1. Affective 2. Cognitive 3. Behavioral Consists of the feelings or emotions one has about a situation the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation aka intentional component -how one intends or expects to behave toward a situation Proposed cognitive dissonance The psychological discomfort a person experiences between their cognitive attitude and incompatible behavior How do people deal with cognitive dissonance? Importance, control and rewards their actions and judgements The process of interpreting and understanding ones environment Tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs 4 steps in Perceptual Process 1. Selective attention 2.Interpretation & evaluation 3. Storing in memory 4. Retrieving from memory to make judgements and decisions Principal areas of stereotyping: 1. Sex-role 2. Age 3. race/ethnicity When an employee doesn't show up for work When we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait Tendency to remember recent info. better than earlier info. The activity of inferring causes for observed behavior Fundamental attribution bias people attribute another person's behavior to their personal characteristics rather than to situational factors People tend to take more personal responsibility for success than failure Self-fulfilling prophecy AKA Pygmalion effect People's expectations of themselves/others lead them to behave in ways that make this expectations come true individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work the extent to which you feel positive or negative about various aspects of your work Reflects the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals When employees leave their jobs Programs that help employees to integrate/transition to new jobs by making them familiar with corporate policies, procedures, culture, and politics by clarifying work-role expectations/responsibilities Organizationalcitizenship behaviors Employee behaviors that are not directly part of employees' job description--that exceed their work requirements Counterproductive Work behaviors Types of behavior that harm employees and the organization as a whole All the ways people are alike and unalike. -Age, gender, race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, capabilities, socioeconomic background Four layers of the Diversity Wheel From inside out… -Personality -Internal dimensions -External dimensions -Organizational dimensions Internal dimensions of diversity Human differences that exert a powerful, sustained effect throughout every stage of out lives External dimensions of diversity Element of choice -Personal characteristics that people acquire, discard, or modify throughout their lives Metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to executive jobs Americans with Disabilities Act -1992 -Prohibits discrimination against disabled Working at jobs that require less education than they have Belief that ones native country and culture is superior to those of another culture Tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively -Father of modern concept of stress -Canadian researcher Stressors can be both ___ & ___. Involved in chronic, determined struggle to accomplish more in less time Sets of behavior that people expect of occupants of a position How many stress come about? Role overload Role conflict Role ambiguity State of emotional, mental and even physical exhuastion Administrative changes, that managers can make to reduce stressors that lead to employee burnout Employee assistance programs Host of programs aimed at helping employees to cope with stress, burnout, substance abuse, health problems, family and martial issues and any general problem that will negatively effect the job performance Holistic Wellness Program Focuses on self-responsibility, nutritional awareness, relaxation techniques, physical fitness, and environmental awareness Are abstract ideals that shape one's thinking and behavior?Values are abstract ideals that shape one's thinking and behavior. Basic personal values are taken for granted. They are not arranged consciously in order of priority.
What is the belief that one's native country culture language abilities or behavior is superior to those of another culture?Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture. Part of ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own race, ethnic or cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups.
What is the study of group behavior for the purpose of improving interpersonal relationships?Social Psychology Studies Human Interactions
Social psychologists are interested in all aspects of personality and social interaction, exploring the influence of interpersonal and group relationships on human behavior.
What are the types of employee behaviors that managers can influence?Here are seven smart ways managers can influence employee behavior in 2020.. Highly value each individual's role or contribution. ... . Make expectations crystal clear. ... . Deal decisively with poor performers. ... . Reward and affirm employees proactively. ... . Get involved in the success and well being of each person.. |
______ are abstract ideals that guide one’s thinking and behavior across all situations.
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